Prelude: My Motherland CCTV-International
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Saturday, October 10, 2009
Chinese name 中國人姓名
Personal names in Chinese culture follow a number of conventions different from those of personal names in Western cultures. Most noticeably, a Chinese name is written with the family name first and the given name next, therefore "John-Paul Smith" as a Chinese name would be "Smith John-Paul". For instance, the basketball player Yao Ming should be addressed as "Mr. Yao", not "Mr. Ming".
Some Chinese people who emigrate to, or do business with, Western countries sometimes adopt a Westernized name by simply reversing the "surname–given-name" order to "given-name–surname" ("Ming Yao", to follow the previous example), or with a Western first name together with their surname, which is then written in the usual Western order with the surname last ("Fred Yao"). Some Chinese people sometimes take a combined name. There are 3 variations: Western name, surname, and Chinese given name, in that order ("Fred Yao Ming"); Western name, Chinese given name, and surname ("Fred Ming Yao"); or surname, Chinese given name, followed by Western name ("Yao Ming Fred"). The Western name, surname, and then given name practice is most common in Hong Kong, for example Donald Tsang Yam-kuen; the surname, Chinese given name, and Western name is most common in Singapore, for example Lee Kuan Yew, Harry.
Traditional naming schemes often followed a pattern of using generation names as part of a two-character given name. This is by no means the norm, however. An alternative tradition, stemming from a Han Dynasty law that forbade two-character given names, is to have a single character given name. Some contemporary given names do not follow either tradition, and may in some cases extend to three or more characters.
When generation names are used as part of a two-character given name, it is highly inappropriate and confusing to refer to someone by the first part of their given name only which will generally be their generation name. Instead, the entire given name should be used. This should be the case regardless of whether the surname is used. For instance, referring toSingaporean Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong as Hsien or Hsien Lee would be confusing as this could just as easily refer to his brother. However, this does commonly occur in Western societies where the first part of the given name is frequently mistakenly used as the first name when the given name is not hyphenated or adjoined.
中國人的姓名是以漢字表示，漢族人是用汉字进行取名。少數民族的姓名則音譯為漢字表示，也有些為自己另取漢名。名字与中文姓氏一起构成了中国人的姓名。另外，中国人除了有名字以外，以前的人还经常有字。在中国传统禮儀上，通常僅長輩可喚人之「名」，平輩或晚輩稱字不稱名.
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